Decreased bone density - Restore Health Clinic

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What is decreased bone density?

Decreased bone density, also known as osteopenia or osteoporosis, is a condition where the bones become weaker and have lower density, making them more prone to fractures. This happens when new bone tissue cannot form quickly enough to keep up with the break down and reabsorption of old bone tissue.

There are several risk factors that can lead to decreased bone density:

• Aging - As we get older, bone density naturally decreases as bone regeneration slows down
• Hormonal changes - For women, low estrogen levels during menopause accelerate bone loss
• Genetics - A family history increases the likelihood of developing decreased bone density
• Poor nutrition - Not getting enough calcium or vitamin D can impede bone growth
• Inactive lifestyle - Not bearing weight on the bones can cause decreases in density

Some key signs and symptoms include:

• Fractures or breaks, especially in the wrist, spine, and hip, with minimal trauma
• Loss of height over time
• Back pain caused by vertebral compression fractures

If left untreated, decreased bone density increases the risk of painful and debilitating fragility fractures. Fractures of the hip have high associated morbidity and mortality rates.

To diagnose decreased bone density, physicians often use:

• Bone mineral density (BMD) tests like dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans to check bone health. These painless scans help detect osteopenia or confirm a diagnosis of osteoporosis.
• Occasionally blood and urine tests to rule out secondary causes like nutritional deficiency or overactive parathyroid.

The main treatments aim to prevent further bone loss and fractures:

• Weight-bearing exercise to stimulate bone regrowth
• Calcium and vitamin D supplements
• Prescription medications like bisphosphonates
• For serious cases, parathyroid hormone analogues

The prognosis for decreased bone density depends greatly on the treatment plan. With early intervention and proper treatment methods, healthy bone metabolism can be maintained, and fractures can often be prevented.

I hope this overview on decreased bone density gives you a helpful primer on this common bone disorder! For more information, you can visit Restore Health Clinic.